AIIMS 2017 Botany Speciation MCQ Question

In sympatric speciation, reproductive isolation occurs within the same geographic area, meaning there is no geographic barrier (option A) that separates populations. Instead, reproductive isolation can arise through mechanisms such as behavioral differences, temporal isolation, or polyploidy (change in chromosome number, option C), which do not require physical separation. Options B and D are incorrect because sympatric speciation specifically involves a lack of barriers to gene flow and mating, allowing for the evolution of distinct species despite overlapping ranges.