AIIMS 2019 Physics Carnot Engine MCQ Question

To determine the heat ejected to the sink (Q₂) from a Carnot engine, we first calculate the efficiency (η) using the formula η = 1 - (T₂/T₁), where T₁ is the absolute temperature of the hot reservoir (400 K) and T₂ is the absolute temperature of the cold reservoir (300 K). This gives us η = 1 - (300/400) = 0.25. Given that the heat supplied (Q₁) is 500 J, we can find the heat ejected using Q₂ = Q₁(1 - η) = 500 J × 0.75 = 375 J, making option C correct.

Options A (1000 J) and B (667 J) are incorrect as they do not adhere to the energy conservation principle, while option D (500 J) incorrectly suggests no heat is lost to the sink, which contradicts the operation of a Carnot engine.