AIIMS 2019 Physics Rayleigh Scattering Assertion Reason Question

Option A is correct because Rayleigh scattering involves the elastic scattering of photons by small particles, where the energy of the incident and scattered photons remains unchanged, thus supporting the assertion. The reason accurately describes the nature of Rayleigh scattering, as it can be likened to elastic collisions in which momentum and energy are conserved. Other options are incorrect because option B mischaracterizes the relationship between assertion and reason, while options C and D incorrectly state the truth values of the assertion and reason. Understanding Rayleigh scattering is crucial for explaining phenomena such as the blue color of the sky, which results from the scattering of sunlight by atmospheric molecules like N₂ and O₂.