AIIMS 2019 Physics Capacitors and Dielectrics MCQ Question

When a dielectric material with a dielectric constant $k$ is inserted into a capacitor, the charge on the capacitor increases due to the polarization of the dielectric, which enhances the capacitance. The new charge $q$ can be expressed as $q = kq_0$, where $q_0$ is the initial charge, leading to the alternative expression $q = \frac{k\varepsilon_0 A}{d} V$ (option B). Other options are incorrect as they either fail to account for the dielectric effect or do not represent the relationship between charge and capacitance accurately. Understanding this concept is crucial, as it illustrates how dielectrics influence electric fields and capacitance in capacitors.