AIIMS 2018 Botany Species Interactions MCQ Question

Mutualism, represented as "++", occurs when both species involved benefit from the interaction, such as bees pollinating flowers while obtaining nectar. In contrast, parasitism (option A) is a relationship where one organism benefits at the expense of another, commensalism (option B) involves one species benefiting while the other is neither helped nor harmed, and ammensalism (option C) describes a relationship where one species is inhibited or destroyed while the other remains unaffected. Understanding these interactions is crucial for studying ecological relationships and biodiversity.