AIIMS 2019 Botany Mutations MCQ Question

Transposons, also known as "jumping genes," can cause changes in alleles by inserting themselves into or disrupting existing genes, leading to alterations in genetic expression or function. This can result in new alleles being formed or existing ones being modified. In contrast, while chemical mutations (A) and radiation (B) can induce changes in DNA, they typically cause point mutations or structural changes rather than directly creating new alleles. Spontaneous mutations (D) occur naturally and can also lead to allele changes, but they are random events rather than the result of a specific mechanism like transposons.