AIIMS 2018 Botany Eutrophication MCQ Question

Eutrophic lakes are characterized by excessive nutrient enrichment, primarily from nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), leading to algal blooms. These blooms block sunlight, inhibiting photosynthesis in submerged aquatic plants and resulting in decreased oxygen (O₂) levels as algae decompose, causing hypoxia or anoxia that is detrimental to fish and other aquatic life. Other options are not applicable as they do not provide relevant information or alternative explanations regarding the effects of eutrophication on aquatic ecosystems. Understanding these dynamics highlights the importance of nutrient management in freshwater systems to maintain ecological balance.