AIIMS 2018 Biology Fermentation Assertion Reason Question

Option A is correct because the assertion accurately describes fermentation as an incomplete oxidation of glucose, which typically produces ethanol (C₂H₅OH) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) under anaerobic conditions. The reason is also true, as fermentation involves enzymes such as pyruvic acid decarboxylase and alcoholic dehydrogenase, which facilitate the conversion of pyruvate into ethanol and CO₂.

Option B is incorrect because the reason does provide a valid explanation for the assertion. Option C is wrong since both statements are true, and option D is incorrect because both the assertion and reason are factual. Understanding fermentation is crucial in biochemistry, as it highlights the metabolic pathways organisms use to generate energy in the absence of oxygen.